Wolbachia infection suppresses both host defence and parasitoid counter-defence

Wolbachia infection suppresses both host defence and parasitoid counter-defence.

Endosymbiotic bacteria in the genus Wolbachia have been linked to several types of reproductive parasitism, which enhance their own transmission, while their direct effects on the host vary from beneficial to neutral or detrimental. Here, we report negative effects of infection on immunity-related traits of Drosophila simulans and the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina heterotoma. Infected D. simulans...

Host defence mechanisms against dengue virus infection of mice.

Serum obtained from mice 3 to 5 weeks after the third i.p. dose of dengue type 2 virus (DV) protected recipient mice against intracerebral challenge with DV, whereas the serum obtained after 1 and 2 weeks provided minimum protection. Adoptive intravenous transfer of immune spleen cells obtained from mice 1 to 5 weeks after immunization did not protect recipient mice against even a small dose (1...

Host defence mechanisms against Japanese encephalitis virus infection in mice.

The role of antibody and cell-mediated immunity in the resistance to Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection was studied in adult mice. Passively transferred antibodies obtained up to 2 weeks after primary infection protected the recipient mice against a challenge infection with JEV. Antibody obtained at 4 or 5 weeks failed to protect despite the presence of high titres of neutralizing anti...

Counter Argument In Defence of Common Sense

Zebrafish nephrosin helps host defence against Escherichia coli infection

Neutrophils play important roles in innate immunity and are mainly dependent on various enzyme-containing granules to kill engulfed microorganisms. Zebrafish nephrosin (npsn) is specifically expressed in neutrophils; however, its function is largely unknown. Here, we generated an npsn mutant (npsnsmu5 ) via CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate the in vivo function of Npsn. The overall development and num...